This Report by the Congressional Research Service (7-5700) finds that from the policy research and technical studies that substantially reducing CO2 emissions in the U.S. electricity sector over the next few decades would likely require everykey carbon mitigation measure at the nation's disposal. However, it is also clear that significant uncertainty exists about the potential of individual measures to achieve their hoped-for carbon impact:o Energy efficiency-Can the United States overcome socioeconomic barriers toachieve four times more potential savings than ever before?o Renewable energy-Will there be enough transmission for wind power? Is thereenough land to grow the needed biomass?o Nuclear power-Could the United States build new plants fast enough tomatter?o Advanced coal power-Will banks fund them and regulators approve them?o Carbon capture and sequestration-Will the technology be commerciallydeployable in 10 years, 25 years, or never?o Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles-How much "low carbon" electricity would beavailable to charge their batteries?o Distributed energy resources-Would carbon costs change distributed energyeconomics enough to spur deployment?
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