Biofuels have been around as long as cars have.

A biofuel is a fuel that contains energy from geologically recent carbon fixation. These fuels are produced from living organisms.

Generating Electricity from Wing Waves.

Wind turbines, like windmills, are mounted on a tower to capture the most energy. At 100 feet (30 meters) or more aboveground, they can take advantage of the faster and less turbulent wind.

Producing electricity from solar energy.

Solar energy is a free, inexhaustible resource, yet harnessing it is a relatively new idea. The ability to use solar power for heat was the first discovery.

Turbines catch the wind's energy with their propeller-like blades.

A blade acts much like an airplane wing. When the wind blows, a pocket of low-pressure air forms on the downwind side of the blade.

Solar energy may have had great potential

Solar technology advanced to roughly its present design in 1908 when William J. Bailey of the Carnegie Steel Company invented a collector with an insulated box and copper coils.

We have been harnessing the wind's energy for hundreds of years.

For utility-scale sources of wind energy, a large number of wind turbines are usually built close together to form awind plant.

Biofuels are produced from living organisms.

In order to be considered a biofuel the fuel must contain over 80 percent renewable materials.

Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth.

Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma.

Geothermal heat pumps can tap into this resource to heat and cool buildings.

A geothermal heat pump system consists of a heat pump, an air delivery system (ductwork), and a heat exchanger-a system of pipes buried in the shallow ground near the building.

In the future, civilization will be forced to research and develop alternative energy sources.

Possession of surplus energy is, of course, a requisite for any kind of civilization, for if man possesses merely the energy of his own muscles, he must expend all his strength - mental and physical - to obtain the bare necessities of life.

Showing posts with label benefits renewable energy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label benefits renewable energy. Show all posts

Friday, 27 June 2014

Alternative Energy Saving Lives And Dollars In The Military

Alternative Energy Saving Lives And Dollars In The Military
The U.S. Cerulean is investing in alternative energy, energy storage and energy lack of warmth to reservation apiece lives and currency. Too, plummeting assign on fossil fuels order create not inconsiderable military collateral and independence from scatty, oil-producing regions.

A in the wee small hours Precise American article, U.S. Military Acquaintances Substitute Weight Poll to Lives--and Dollars--Saved, looks at the hammering hoard and lives that order be saved by plummeting their assign on fossil fuels:

Mabus was referring apiece to lives saved-for slightly 24 fuel convoys in Afghanistan and Iraq, one fighter or Marine is killed or maltreated, according to a U.S. Military study-and currency saved. The DOD fuel play a part came to evident 14 billion in 2010. "For slightly dollar the quotation of a tub of oil goes up, the Cerulean spends 31 million optional extra for fuel," Mabus noted. "Our assign on fossil fuels creates solution, on the go and tactical vulnerabilities for our martial."

The Cerulean has full a skull in attempting to rendition that, blocked pore a extremity of deriving shared its energy needs from non-fossil fuel sources by 2020 as refined as making shared of its bases energy objective. By, the Cerulean has methodical evident 40,000 gallons of jet fuel resultant from camelina-an oil-seed plant take pleasure in canola-and optional extra than 20,000 gallons of diesel-like fuel for ships from algae, an appoint the U.S. Air Stuff has matched by requisitioning 40,000 gallons of bio-jet fuel. "The Cerulean has full rise of its most important algae-based jet fuel. We're not talking about evident relaxed weirdos, we're talking about the Cerulean," former California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger noted in an tell to the ARPA-e conference on Exhibition 1. "Why requirement a dehydrated up abruptly weight with a fierce bully take pleasure in Libya skip confusion with America's energy future?"

And the Navy's most important hybrid electric-drive ship-that uses electric motors for speeds under 12 knots-saved evident 2 million in fuel costs on its maiden tumble from Pascagoula, Abstain from. to San Diego. "Broken up the way we produce and use energy is mostly about improving the all over the country collateral of this weight," Mabus understood, noting the Navy's past performance of fuel switches-from wind to coal in the 19th century and coal to oil supplemented by nuclear greater the lessons of the 20th century. "I am breezy, as we skull once again in fluctuating the way we power our ships and level, that the naysayers who say, 'it's too dripping, the technology is not near,' are going to be established misconduct once again." Gain, the control encourages technology transfers in many areas, so the Navy's technology improvements may in the end make their way to the delicate gulf (past examples be of special concern to GPS, solar panel improvements). The Cerulean has apiece the scale (they use a lot of energy!) and different considerations shell of costs appropriate to location electricity generation, as is the main severe point in a memorable energy treatment. It is dripping to get diesel fuel to out-of-the-way locations in Afghanistan, and countless legion stomach died in the process of transporting the fuel.

As the cerulean starts using their academic skill and large saving to store alternative energy and energy storage, the intermission of us are expected to land-living from the Navy's alternative energy and lack of warmth gains. Too, it order reservation lives in our military. It is crunchy for conservatives and liberals to come to blows that the small dollar investments compared to the Navy's large saving are not substance that.

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Thursday, 19 May 2011

Science And Technology Mains Question Analysis

Science And Technology Mains Question Analysis
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IAS GENERAL STUDIES (M) - SCIENCE color: black;">

QUESTIONS TREND COLOR: BLACK;">

2008

1. Answer any one of the following in about 250 words: 30

A) In what way ' Medical Biotechnology ' COLOR: BLACK;">B) What do you know about Indian National Satellite Systems? Describe its important features.

2. Answer any two of the following (answer for each question should be in about 150 words):15x3=45

a) Internet Protocol Television (IPTV)

b) Spintronics

c)Wifi

d) Components of Robot

3. Answer all the five (in about 20 words each): 2x5=10

a) Copy right and Trademark

b) TIFAC

c) Aspartame

d) Gene Doping

e) Sappan

2007

1. Answer any one of the following in about 250 words: 30

(a). Explain the phenomenon of ozone depletion, its cause and effects. What efforts are needed to reduce it.

(b)What do you understanding by the term 'biodiversity'? Examine the cause and consequence of degeneration of biodiversity?

2. Answer any two of the following (answer for each question should be in about 150 words):15x2=30

(a) What are the alternative fuels available for the transport sector? Discuss their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages in their utilization.

(b) Explain the objectives and the current achievements of human genome project.

(c) Discuss the missile technology initiatives undertaken by India.

3. Answer all the five (in about 20 words each): 2x5=10

(a) What is firewall?

(b) What is mal ware?

(c) What do the following stand for?

(i) MPEG (ii) ISP (iii) HTML (iv) ASCII

(d) What is Root kit?

(e) What is computer architecture?

2006

1. Write any one of the following (in about 250 words each): 30

(a) Justify with necessary logic " Biological clean up methods can be cheaper than conventional

physical and chemical pollution treatments
"

(b) Explain how Nano science and Nanotechnology have revolutionized modern technology.

2. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 15x2=30

(a) What do you understand by optical computing? Why is optical computing envisaged to have

much better performance than that of electronic Computing?

(b) Write a note on Bio-refinery versus Fossil fuels.

(c) What are normal osmosis and reverse osmosis? Why has reverse osmosis become popular in

India today ?

3. Answer all the five, (in about 20 words each) : 2x5=10

(a) What do you understand by a search engine in computer?

(b) Expand the following

(i) CAD (ii) CAM (iii) CIM

(c) Explain what Thin Film Memory is in computers

(d) Write a short note on Artificial Intelligence.

(e) Who are called Hackers in computer world ?

2005

1. Answer anyone of the following in about 250 words: 30

(a) Describe the sources of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations and their effects on the biotic

components of the atmosphere.

(b) What is digital convergence? Examine its implications for modern society.

2. Answer any two of the following (answer to each question should be in about 150 words):2 x 15 = 30

(a) Why do environmentalists regard asbestos and polythene as pollutants?

(b) What is the therapeutic cloning? Describe briefly the method and its potential applications.

(c) Why is hydrogen being acclaimed as the fuel of the future?

3. Answer the following (in about 20 words each):5 x 2 =10

(a) What is an exabyte?

(b) What is VIRUS?

(c) What do the following stand for?

(i) XML (ii) MASER (iii) SECAM (iv) TIPS

(d) What is avatar?

(e) What is Wikipedia?

2004

1. Answer any ONE of the following (Answer should be in about 250 words) : 30

(a) Discuss in detail "Alternative Energy Sources".

(b) "Global Warming" -- Discuss.

2. Answer any TWO of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 15x2 = 30

(a) What is 'Superconductivity'? Give its uses and applications.

(b) What is Biotechnology? Discuss the important applications of Biotechnology.

(c) Describe the importance of "Laser" in war and peace.

3. Answer the following (in about 20 words each): 2 x 5 = 10

(a) What do you understand by E-governance?

(b) What is a URL?

(c) What do the following stand for?

(i) CD-ROM' (ii) USB (iii) ITES (iv) FORTRAN

(d) What do you understand by MP3 ?

(e) What are cyber crimes? How are these protected?

2003

1. Answer any one of the following (about 250 words) 30

a) What do you understand by depletion of ozone layer and why is it considered harmful? Name ozone depleting substances and process. What international ramifications took place to protect the ozone layer and what was the target agreed upon?

b). What is interactive television? What special advantages and derived by using VOD services? What are the components of a typical VOD system? Which feature film was generated first entirely on computers and in which year?

2. Answer any two of the following (about 150 words) 15X2=30

a) What does the Solar system consist of ? Discuss the motion of most of the bodies forming the solar system.

b) In which year and by which countries were International Space Station (IIS) launched?

How many countries are participating in this program? What are the unique studies being made in the station which could not be made so accurately on the earth?

c) Discuss the elements of 'frozen semen technology'. What are 'embryo transfer', 'transgenic

animals
', 'DNA recombinant technique'?

3. Answer the following (about 20 words): 2X5=10

a) What is 'Sympathetic Haptics'?

b) What are special feature of 'Linux'?

c) What is an operating system? List the basic services provided by an operating system.

d) What is an 'Internet Worm'? Explain DDOS.

e) What do the following stand for:

i) POSIX ii) EPROM iii) MODEM iv) COBOL

2002

1. Answer any one of the following (about 250 words): 30

(a) Plastic hazards - Discuss.

(b) Discuss in detail "The internet telephony as an alternative".

2. Answer any two of the following (150 words) 15x2=30

(a) What are the fundamental constants and their use in measurement system?

(b) Discuss about 'Environment', its components and its awareness.

(c) What is Human Cloning? Is it dangerous or beneficial? Discuss.

3. Answer the following (about 20 words) : 2x5=10

(a) What is digital camera?

(b) What is firewall in computer language?

(c) What is multimedia?

(d) What do the following stand for?

(i) HTML (ii) FTP

(iii) MFLOPS (iv) PLANIT

(e) What is Piracy?

2001

1. Answer any one of the following (about 250 words): 30

(a) What is a cryogenic engine ? Discuss the significance in India Space Programme.

(b) What are stem cells ? Why have they been in news recently ? Discuss.

2. Answer any two of the following (150 words) 15x2=30

(a) What is fiber optics? What advantages does it offer in telecommunications ? Elaborate.

(b) What is vermin composing ? Discuss its importance in the Indian Context.

(c) What does the Montreal Protocol deal with ? Discuss its role in protecting Earth's environment.

3. Answer the following (about 20 words) : 2x5=10

(a) What is " Hanshake " in computer Language.

(b) What is " Ethernet " and what is it used for.

(c) What is "digital signature" and what is it used for.

(d) What do the following stand for?

(i) DRAM (ii) JPEG

(iii) ASCII (iv) IMAP

(e) What is a WAP- enabled phone?

2000

1. Answer any one of the following. (Answer should be in about 250 words) 30

(a) What is the significance of the geostationary orbit? What would happen if it becomes too

crowded?

(b) Why is the HIV considered so dangerous? Why has the spread of the virus proved so difficult to contain, especially in the poorer countries of the world?

2. Answer any two of the following: (about 150 words): 15 x 2 = 30

(a)How are transgenic plants different from hybrid plants and what is their relevance in modern agriculture? Elaborate.

(b) What are greenhouse gases ? What impact do they have on the Earth's climate and with what consequences ? Elaborate.

(c) What is water harvesting? Describe its relevance in the Indian context.

3. Answer the following: (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words) 2 x 5 = 10

(a) What does the 'clock speed' of a computer signify?

(b) What do the following stand for?

(i) http (ii) CPU (iii) ROM (vi) BIOS

(c) What is a modem and what is it used for ?

(d) What is spamming ?

(e) How does a computer virus destroy data ?